Przegląd modeli konstytutywnych dla tkanek żywych

The paper presents a review of constitutive models recently applied in the mechanical analysis of living tissues. The mechanical properties of the basic microstructural components of animal tissues (connective tissue fibers, hydroxyapatite, muscular cells) are discussed. Next, on the basis of available literature, a series of constitutive models for various tissues is presented. The models are classified in regard to the type of constitutive relations. Three basic groups of models are distinguished: viscoelastic, nonlinearly-elastic and linearly-elastic. Examples of constitutive eąuations are provided, followed by the discussion of their properties and range of applicability.